# Integrated image-based deep learning and language models for primary diabetes care

*PRI Rank #1 · Topics and Trends in Most Cited Retinal Diseases and Treatments Papers, Class of 2026*

*Canonical URL: https://pri.pepkio.com/top-papers/retinal-diseases-and-treatments/2026/rank-1*

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Rank | #1 |
| 18m citations | 153 |
| Journal | Nature Medicine |
| Year | 2024 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41591-024-03139-8 |
| Corresponding authors | Li Jia Chen, Weiping Jia, Yih Chung Tham, Huating Li, Bin Sheng, Tien Yin Wong |
| Institution | Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China |

**Ranking page:** [Topics and Trends in Most Cited Retinal Diseases and Treatments Papers, Class of 2026](https://pri.pepkio.com/top-papers/retinal-diseases-and-treatments/2026)

**Paper link:** [10.1038/s41591-024-03139-8](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03139-8)

## Topics

DeepDR-LLM · DeepDR-Transformer · Diabetic retinopathy screening · Deep learning-based image classification · large language model · primary care physicians · individualized diabetes management recommendations · Diabetic retinopathy screening · AI diagnostic accuracy · diabetes self-management adherence · DR referral adherence · Real-world evidence · Retrospective study · English-Chinese language performance comparison · endocrinology residents benchmark · low-resource setting healthcare · empathy in clinical recommendations · newly diagnosed diabetes patients · digital health solution · human-AI collaboration in healthcare

## Cite this ranking

```
Pepkio Research Index (PRI). Topics and Trends in Most Cited Retinal Diseases and Treatments Papers, Class of 2026. https://pri.pepkio.com/top-papers/retinal-diseases-and-treatments/2026. Accessed 2026-07-14.

Zheng Su, Tinsley Li, Thematic Shifts in Early-High-Impact Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics Research: A Bibliometric and Semantic Analysis. bioRxiv 2026.07.04.736459; doi: https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.04.736459
```